Manufacturing textile belts



(No Model.) 2 Sheets8heet 1. M. GANDY.

MANUFACTURING TEXTILE BELTS.

No. 331,958. Patented Dec. 8, 1885.

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MAURICE GANDY, OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

MANUFACTURING TEXTILE BELTS.

BPECIIICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 331,958, dated December8, 1885.

(No Specimens.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAURIcE GANDY, asubject of the Queen of GreatBritain, residing at Liverpool,England, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in the Method of Manufacturing Textile Belts to beUsed in Driving Machinery, of which the following is a description insuch full, clear, concise, and exact terms as will enable any oneskilled in the arts to which my invention appertains or with which it ismost nearly connected to make and use the same, reference being bad tothe accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, and to thefigures and letters of reference marked thereon.

Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of said drawings are outline drawings ofmachinery and devices used in the practice of my said invention, ashereinafter described.

The object of my invention is to take the tensile elasticity out oftextile belts and to render them proof against shrinkage andtheiabsorption of moisture; and my said invention consists of thetreatment of the belt or thet'extile material used in its constructionduring thefabrication of the belt, first, with heat sufli' cient todrive the moisture out of the texture, and then with oil sufiicient tokeep it out, the belt being stretched during heating and oiling to itsmaximum of tensile elasticity, by which the completed belt is renderedinertthat is, its tendency to draw back or shrink after being stretchedis removed.

In the manufacture of textile belts it has been the practice to stretchtheln while in their normal state as to temperature and moist ure, noattempt having been made of which I have any knowledge to heat the beltto drive out the moisture, and to stretch and oil it while it is stilldry and hot. These belts as heretofore manufactured by myself andothers, stretched and oiled while in their natural condition as totemperature and moisture, have a tendency to draw back or shrink totheir normal length after the tensile strain is nelaxed. While this doesnot injure the belt-,lit is nevertheless a source of no littleinconvenience, necessitating, as it does, cutting and taking up thebelt. Now, I have discovered that by thoroughly heating the beltsufficient to drive out the natural moisture of the fabric,

and by stretching and oiling it while in such heated and dry state, thebelt is not only much more thoroughly stretched, but its tendency toshrink or draw back is removed, the moisture in this case being drivenout and the tensile strain applied while the fiber is hot and dry andthe fabric soft and pliable. The fibers and threads under the stretchingstrain become permanently set, while at the same time they readilyabsorb the oil, thus preventing the subsequent absorption of moisture,making the belt non-elastic and inertin the direction of its length.

In the practice of my invention I proceed substantially as follows: Itake the belt as it comes from the loom or sewing-machine and coil itinto a tank, Fig. 2, inclosed in a steam or hot-air chamber, A. ply theheat and continue it until the belt is well heated and the moisturedriven out of the texture. I then pass one end of the belt under thenippcr B at the left of Fig. l and pass it on between the rollers O G Oand under the nipper D at the right of Fig. 1. The nipper B is thenscrewed down hard on the belt and the rollers put in motion, the nipperD being left open. By these means the belt is drawn by the rollersthrough the open nipper D into the tank, Fig. 4, also inclosed by aheated chamber, the same as in Fig. 2. The nipper B is then opened andthe nipper D closed down hard on the belt. The rollers are then againput in motion, but in the opposite direction, by which means the belt isdrawn through the nipper D and delivered again in the tank, Fig. 2, andso on from one tank to the other until it is thoroughly stretched andthe moisture driven out of it.

The operation is very much expedited by introducing steam to theinterior of the roll- In this chamber I ap-,

ers O G O and the nippcrsDand B. The belt, h

after it has been passed and repassed between the rollers and nippersuntil it is thoroughly dried and stretched, is led directly from thestretching-machine into the oil-tank, Fig. 3, which may or may not bekept hot. I prefer to keep it heated, although I do not consider itessential to the success of the operation.

Instead of the tanks, Figs. 2 and 4, the belt may be heated by passingit over one or more heated rollers, as shown in Fig. 5; but this is Jbloc of this invention.

merely a modified method of practicing the invention, differing nowisein principle from that already described.

After the belt has been left long enough in the oil-tauk to becomesuffieiently saturated with oil it is again led through thestretchingmachine, or a machine substantially the same, for the purposeof expelling the surplus oil, after which it is dried and finished inthe usual way.

It will of course be understood that Fig. 1 .of the drawingsis a merediagram of the stretching-machine; but a full description of thismachine will be found in United States Letters Patent No. 228,186, datedJune 1,1880, and also in Letters Patent N 0. 314,825, dated March 31,1885, to which reference is made for a full description of theconstruction and operation of a suitable machine for the prac- It willalso be understood that this invention is applicable not only to thestretchiugof laminated belts, such as are described in my aforesaidPatent No. 228,186, dated June 1, 1880, but also to what 5 are known aswoven belts-that is, belts that are woven in the loom to the desiredWidth and thickness.

A modified method of practicing my invention is to heat the textilebelting until it is in o a fit state to be operated upon as aforesaidand by then placing it in a stretching-frame substantially such as isdescribed in my United States Patents No. 269,519, dated December 26,1882, and also in an application of mine I now pending, filed September2, 1884, bearingSerial No. 142,072, and stretching it as described insaid patents until the fibers and threads are permanently set, and bythen again h ating it before passing it into the oil or other suitablesaturating compound or material; or the belt may be put into thesaturating-liquid as it comes from the stretching-frame withoutreheating it; but that is not so effectual as to treat it with thesaturant while warm.

Another modification is to put the machincry in a chamber of proper sizeand construction, and heat it (the chamber) up to a temperaturesufficient to evaporate the moisture and soften the texture andperformthe whole operation in said chamber; but this plan isobjectionable because it is inconvenient.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent The method substantially herein describel of treatingtextile belts, which method consists of first submitting the belt toheating action substantially as set forth, then stretching it in asuitable apparatus, and saturating MAURICE GANDY.

Witnesses:

' D. B. MCMILLAN,

WILLIAM PInRoE.

